来自 昏昏睡睡HSE · From Drowsy HSE CSP DAILY LEARNING · DAY 109

事故调查与根因分析深化 · 术语精讲 | Incident Investigation & RCA Deep Dive · Glossary Focus

第 21 块 · Domain 2 · 项目管理 · 25%Block 21 · Domain 2 · Program Management · 25%第 3 / 5 课 · 术语精讲Lesson 3 of 5 · Glossary Focus

本课只做一件事：把「事故调查与根因分析深化」的 6 个高频英文术语从「眼熟」变成「能用」：定义、易混、例句。

Turn the six high-frequency terms of Incident Investigation & RCA Deep Dive from familiar to usable: definition, look-alike, example.

本课不涉及：不扩到别的板块的术语，也不考题型技巧。
Not covered here: No terms from other blocks, no question-technique work.

本课目标 | Learning objectives

  1. 为每个术语说出定义，而不是只给中文对应词
  2. 指出每一对易混词差在哪一个限定条件上
  3. 把每个术语放进一句真实的现场英文里

  • Define each term rather than translate it
  • Point to the exact qualifier that separates each look-alike pair
  • Put each term into one real site sentence

    • 图片预览 / Photo preview

    图片经过压缩后保存在当前浏览器。导出失败时，可在下方预览图片上长按保存。/ The photo is compressed and stored in this browser. If download fails, long-press the preview below to save it.

    术语详解 | Glossary in depth

    Root Cause Analysis (RCA) / 根因分析
    追问到系统层缺失的分析方法：目标是修条件，不是定人责。
    Analysis that digs to system-level gaps: the goal is fixing conditions, not blaming people.
    易混 / Easily confused：与「定责」不同：RCA 明确不指向个人问责，问责会让证人闭嘴。
    Not blame assignment: RCA avoids personal fault-finding, which silences witnesses.
    例句 / In a sentence：The RCA surfaced a change-management gap. / 根因分析挖出了变更管理的缺口。
    Five Whys / 五问法
    对每个因果连续追问「为什么」，直到系统层；「五」是经验值不是硬指标。
    Repeatedly asking why along the causal chain until the system layer; five is heuristic, not a quota.
    易混 / Easily confused：与「问五次」不同：层数比次数重要，三层到系统就停，七层没到就继续。
    Not literally five times: the layer matters, not the count.
    例句 / In a sentence：The why chain stopped at supervision. / 五问链停在监督层。
    Fishbone Diagram / 鱼骨图
    按人、机、料、法、环分类铺开原因的结构图（石川图）。
    A structure spreading causes across people, machine, material, method, environment (Ishikawa).
    易混 / Easily confused：与「清单」不同：鱼骨图显因果层次，清单只列不问。
    Not a checklist: the fishbone shows causal structure, lists do not ask why.
    例句 / In a sentence：The fishbone put the gap under 'method'. / 鱼骨图把缺口归到「法」类。
    Chain of Custody / 证据链
    物证从封存到呈交的完整交接记录：谁、何时、何处、何人经手。
    The intact transfer record for physical evidence: who, when, where, handled by whom.
    易混 / Easily confused：与「拍照存档」不同：证据链保证物证在法律程序中可用，断链即失效。
    Not just photographing: custody keeps evidence admissible; a broken chain voids it.
    例句 / In a sentence：The valve stayed sealed under chain of custody. / 阀门在证据链下封存。
    Corrective Action / 纠正措施
    针对根因的长效修复，分级为消除>工程>管理，带负责人与验证日期。
    A durable fix aimed at root causes, tiered elimination above engineering above administrative, with owner and verification date.
    易混 / Easily confused：与「纠正（correction）」不同：纠正是当场处置（擦掉漏油），纠正措施是防再发。
    Not correction: correction cleans the spill now; corrective action prevents recurrence.
    例句 / In a sentence：The corrective action added an interlock. / 纠正措施是加装联锁。
    Timeline Reconstruction / 时间线重建
    把事件前后按分钟排列的活动、变更与状态，重点标注事发前 8 小时的变更。
    A minute-level arrangement of activities, changes and states around the event, flagging changes in the prior eight hours.
    易混 / Easily confused：与「事故经过描述」不同：时间线是证据对齐的骨架，每格都要有出处。
    Not a narrative: the timeline is the evidence-aligned skeleton; every entry needs a source.
    例句 / In a sentence：The timeline revealed the bypass at 06:40. / 时间线揭示了 06:40 的旁路操作。

    情景自测 | Scenario check

    本课理解Lesson comprehension

    这道题考什么：考「纠正」与「纠正措施」的口径差异。
    Tests the difference between correction and corrective action.

    泄漏发生后工人当场把油擦干净。这个动作属于？

    A worker wipes up the oil right after the leak. This action is?

    自编练习题，不是 BCSP 官方真题，也不能用来预测分数。 / Original practice item, not an official BCSP exam question.

    动手练 | Practice

    1. 给你公司一个纠正措施清单，逐条标注层级（消除/工程/管理）。
    Take your corrective-action list and tag each item's tier: elimination, engineering, administrative.

    学习打卡与笔记 | Progress & notes

    已完成 0/4 项 / 0/4 tasks complete

    连续学习 / Learning streak: 0 天 / 0 days

    进度保存在当前浏览器，不会自动跨设备同步。/ Progress is stored in this browser only.

    PNG 学习记录预览；可长按图片保存 / PNG card preview; long-press to save

    可靠来源 | Official references

    BCSP — CSP Examination Blueprint (CSP11)

    BCSP — Official Self-Assessments

    BCSP — Certified Safety Professional (CSP)

    Pearson VUE — CSP 考试预约 / Scheduling

    本课为一般性学习资料，不替代现场专业评估、法规要求或组织程序。/ Educational content only.

    ← 返回课程目录 / Back to catalog