来自 昏昏睡睡HSE · From Drowsy HSE CSP DAILY LEARNING · DAY 199

噪声与听力保护 · 术语精讲 | Noise & Hearing Conservation · Glossary Focus

第 39 块 · Domain 6 · 职业健康与应用科学 · 9%Block 39 · Domain 6 · Occupational Health & Applied Sciences · 9%第 3 / 5 课 · 术语精讲Lesson 3 of 5 · Glossary Focus

本课只做一件事：把「噪声与听力保护」的 6 个高频英文术语从「眼熟」变成「能用」：定义、易混、例句。

Turn the six high-frequency terms of Noise & Hearing Conservation from familiar to usable: definition, look-alike, example.

本课不涉及：不扩到别的板块的术语，也不考题型技巧。
Not covered here: No terms from other blocks, no question-technique work.

本课目标 | Learning objectives

  1. 为每个术语说出定义，而不是只给中文对应词
  2. 指出每一对易混词差在哪一个限定条件上
  3. 把每个术语放进一句真实的现场英文里

  • Define each term rather than translate it
  • Point to the exact qualifier that separates each look-alike pair
  • Put each term into one real site sentence

    • 图片预览 / Photo preview

    图片经过压缩后保存在当前浏览器。导出失败时，可在下方预览图片上长按保存。/ The photo is compressed and stored in this browser. If download fails, long-press the preview below to save it.

    术语详解 | Glossary in depth

    dBA / A计权分贝
    按人耳灵敏度加权的声压级，职业噪声标准均用 dBA。
    Sound level weighted to human hearing; occupational standards use dBA.
    易混 / Easily confused：易混：dBA 与 dB。dB 是物理声压，dBA 才对齐人耳低频不敏感特性。
    dB is raw physics; dBA matches the ear.
    例句 / In a sentence：Standards speak dBA. / 标准都说 dBA。
    Action Level / 行动水平
    OSHA 85 dBA（8 h TWA），触发听力保护计划全套义务。
    OSHA's 85 dBA 8-hour TWA, starting the hearing conservation program.
    易混 / Easily confused：易混：行动级与 PEL。85 启动计划，90 强制工程控制与护具。
    85 starts the program; 90 forces controls and protection.
    例句 / In a sentence：85 begins, 90 enforces. / 85 启动，90 强制。
    NRR / 降噪评级
    护耳器实验室降噪分贝数，实际使用要按 (NRR−7)/2 等口径打折。
    The lab attenuation rating; derate to about (NRR minus 7) over two in practice.
    易混 / Easily confused：易混：NRR 与 SNR。SNR 是欧洲口径，数值不可直接互换。
    SNR is the EU scheme; never swap the numbers.
    例句 / In a sentence：Lab number, field discount. / 实验室数，现场打折。
    Audiogram / 听力图
    各频率听阈的测试记录；基线 6 个月内建、此后年度对比。
    The threshold-by-frequency record; baseline within six months, then annual.
    易混 / Easily confused：易混：听力图与听力计。图是结果，计是仪器。
    The audiogram is the result; the audiometer the machine.
    例句 / In a sentence：Baseline before year one. / 半年内建基线。
    STS / 标准阈移
    较基线在 2/3/4 kHz 平均阈移 ≥ 10 dB，触发复查与干预。
    A 10 dB average shift at 2–4 kHz versus baseline, triggering retest and action.
    易混 / Easily confused：易混：STS 与职业性听损认定。STS 是计划内预警指标，认定还有 further 口径。
    STS is the program's early warning, not the full compenionable determination.
    例句 / In a sentence：10 dB average, act now. / 平均 10 分贝即行动。
    Dosimetry / 剂量测量
    随身噪声剂量计记录整班暴露并折算 8 h TWA 与剂量百分数。
    A worn dosimeter logs the whole shift and yields the 8-hour TWA and dose percent.
    易混 / Easily confused：易混：剂量计与声级计。剂量计随身记录整班，声级计手持瞬时读数。
    A dosimeter rides the shoulder all shift; an SLM takes spot readings.
    例句 / In a sentence：Whole shift, not a glance. / 整班记录，不是一瞥。

    情景自测 | Scenario check

    术语辨析Terminology

    这道题考什么：考行动级与 PEL 的义务差异。
    Tests action level versus PEL duties.

    8 h TWA = 88 dBA 的车间，OSHA 口径正确动作是？

    At an 8-hour TWA of 88 dBA, what is the correct OSHA action?

    自编练习题，不是 BCSP 官方真题，也不能用来预测分数。 / Original practice item, not an official BCSP exam question.

    动手练 | Practice

    1. 为本厂写「85/90 两条线义务对照表」。
    Write an 85/90 duty comparison table for your plant.

    学习打卡与笔记 | Progress & notes

    已完成 0/4 项 / 0/4 tasks complete

    连续学习 / Learning streak: 0 天 / 0 days

    进度保存在当前浏览器，不会自动跨设备同步。/ Progress is stored in this browser only.

    PNG 学习记录预览；可长按图片保存 / PNG card preview; long-press to save

    可靠来源 | Official references

    BCSP — CSP Examination Blueprint (CSP11)

    BCSP — Official Self-Assessments

    BCSP — Certified Safety Professional (CSP)

    Pearson VUE — CSP 考试预约 / Scheduling

    本课为一般性学习资料，不替代现场专业评估、法规要求或组织程序。/ Educational content only.

    ← 返回课程目录 / Back to catalog