来自 昏昏睡睡HSE · From Drowsy HSE CSP DAILY LEARNING · DAY 154

审计与管理评审 · 术语精讲 | Audits & Management Review · Glossary Focus

第 30 块 · Domain 2 · 项目管理 · 25%Block 30 · Domain 2 · Program Management · 25%第 3 / 5 课 · 术语精讲Lesson 3 of 5 · Glossary Focus

本课只做一件事：把「审计与管理评审」的 6 个高频英文术语从「眼熟」变成「能用」：定义、易混、例句。

Turn the six high-frequency terms of Audits & Management Review from familiar to usable: definition, look-alike, example.

本课不涉及：不扩到别的板块的术语，也不考题型技巧。
Not covered here: No terms from other blocks, no question-technique work.

本课目标 | Learning objectives

  1. 为每个术语说出定义，而不是只给中文对应词
  2. 指出每一对易混词差在哪一个限定条件上
  3. 把每个术语放进一句真实的现场英文里

  • Define each term rather than translate it
  • Point to the exact qualifier that separates each look-alike pair
  • Put each term into one real site sentence

    • 图片预览 / Photo preview

    图片经过压缩后保存在当前浏览器。导出失败时，可在下方预览图片上长按保存。/ The photo is compressed and stored in this browser. If download fails, long-press the preview below to save it.

    术语详解 | Glossary in depth

    Internal Audit / 内审
    组织自做的体系符合性检查：策划—现场—报告—跟踪四步。
    The organization's own conformity check: plan, field, report, track.
    易混 / Easily confused：与「巡检」不同：内审查体系（程序是否运行），巡检查现场（条件是否合规）。
    Not an inspection: audits check the system; inspections check the site.
    例句 / In a sentence：The audit sampled night shifts. / 内审抽了夜班。
    Nonconformity / 不符合
    偏离要求（体系/法规/程序）的客观证据；分级为轻微与重大。
    Objective evidence of departure from requirements; graded minor or major.
    易混 / Easily confused：与「违规」不同：不符合是审计语境的中性判定，取证在先、定性在后。
    Not 'violation': a neutral audit judgment — evidence first, grading after.
    例句 / In a sentence：Each finding cited its evidence. / 每条发现都引了客观证据。
    CAPA / 纠正与预防措施
    针对根因的 corrective action（防复发）与 preventive action（防发生）的组合。
    The pairing of corrective action (against recurrence) and preventive action (against occurrence).
    易混 / Easily confused：与「纠正」不同：纠正当场处置，CAPA 消根因——擦油渍是纠正，修密封是 CAPA。
    Not correction: wiping the spill is correction; fixing the seal is CAPA.
    例句 / In a sentence：The CAPA targeted the scheduling gap. / CAPA 指向排班缺口。
    Management Review / 管理评审
    最高管理层对体系的正式评审：五项输入进、四件输出出。
    Top management's formal system review: five inputs in, four outputs out.
    易混 / Easily confused：与「月度例会」不同：评审评体系整体与方向，例会管执行细节。
    Not a monthly meeting: reviews judge the system and direction; meetings run execution.
    例句 / In a sentence：The review funded two retrofits. / 评审批了两项改造预算。
    Audit Trail / 审核轨迹
    审核取证的可回溯路径：证据编号、来源、时间，支撑每条发现。
    The traceable path of audit evidence: IDs, sources, timestamps behind every finding.
    易混 / Easily confused：与「审计追踪」不同：这里指审核自身的证据链管理（与电子记录的 audit trail 同名异义）。
    Same term, two senses: here it is the audit's own evidence chain, not the e-records log.
    例句 / In a sentence：Every finding traced to a record. / 每条发现都能回溯到记录。
    Sampling / 抽样
    审核中从总体抽取样本核证的方法；要随机、跨班次、覆盖高风险面。
    Drawing samples for verification: random, across shifts, covering high-risk faces.
    易混 / Easily confused：与「全查」不同：抽样是效率与覆盖的平衡——高风险面加大样本。
    Not a census: sampling balances effort and coverage — sample high-risk faces harder.
    例句 / In a sentence：Sampling caught the unlogged permits. / 抽样抓出了未记录的许可。

    情景自测 | Scenario check

    本课理解Lesson comprehension

    这道题考什么：考 CAPA 与纠正之辨。
    Tests CAPA versus correction.

    泄漏后擦干地面积液、更换了损坏的密封垫。前者是纠正，后者是？

    After a leak, the spill is wiped and the failed gasket replaced. Wiping is correction; replacing the gasket is?

    自编练习题，不是 BCSP 官方真题，也不能用来预测分数。 / Original practice item, not an official BCSP exam question.

    动手练 | Practice

    1. 把你们一个 CAPA 拆成三级：纠正/纠正措施/预防措施各一条。
    Split one incident into three tiers: correction, corrective action, preventive action.

    学习打卡与笔记 | Progress & notes

    已完成 0/4 项 / 0/4 tasks complete

    连续学习 / Learning streak: 0 天 / 0 days

    进度保存在当前浏览器，不会自动跨设备同步。/ Progress is stored in this browser only.

    PNG 学习记录预览；可长按图片保存 / PNG card preview; long-press to save

    可靠来源 | Official references

    BCSP — CSP Examination Blueprint (CSP11)

    BCSP — Official Self-Assessments

    BCSP — Certified Safety Professional (CSP)

    Pearson VUE — CSP 考试预约 / Scheduling

    本课为一般性学习资料，不替代现场专业评估、法规要求或组织程序。/ Educational content only.

    ← 返回课程目录 / Back to catalog