来自 昏昏睡睡HSE · From Drowsy HSE CSP DAILY LEARNING · DAY 174

FMEA 实操 · 术语精讲 | FMEA in Practice · Glossary Focus

第 34 块 · Domain 3 · 风险管理 · 15%Block 34 · Domain 3 · Risk Management · 15%第 3 / 5 课 · 术语精讲Lesson 3 of 5 · Glossary Focus

本课只做一件事：把「FMEA 实操」的 6 个高频英文术语从「眼熟」变成「能用」：定义、易混、例句。

Turn the six high-frequency terms of FMEA in Practice from familiar to usable: definition, look-alike, example.

本课不涉及：不扩到别的板块的术语，也不考题型技巧。
Not covered here: No terms from other blocks, no question-technique work.

本课目标 | Learning objectives

  1. 为每个术语说出定义，而不是只给中文对应词
  2. 指出每一对易混词差在哪一个限定条件上
  3. 把每个术语放进一句真实的现场英文里

  • Define each term rather than translate it
  • Point to the exact qualifier that separates each look-alike pair
  • Put each term into one real site sentence

    • 图片预览 / Photo preview

    图片经过压缩后保存在当前浏览器。导出失败时，可在下方预览图片上长按保存。/ The photo is compressed and stored in this browser. If download fails, long-press the preview below to save it.

    术语详解 | Glossary in depth

    FMEA / 失效模式与影响分析
    自下而上逐个部件找失效模式、评 S/O/D 并定改进的归纳式方法。
    A bottom-up method listing component failure modes, scoring S, O and D, and driving improvement.
    易混 / Easily confused：易混：FMEA 与 FTA。FMEA 自下而上归纳，FTA 自顶向下演绎。
    Confused with FTA: FMEA builds up from components, FTA drills down from a top event.
    例句 / In a sentence：Bottom-up, mode by mode. / 自下而上，逐模式过。
    RPN / 风险优先数
    S×O×D 的乘积，用于筛选优先行动项（>100 或 S≥9 行动）。
    Severity times occurrence times detection, used to screen for action above 100 or when S is nine or more.
    易混 / Easily confused：易混：RPN 与风险等级矩阵。矩阵只有严重度与可能性两维，RPN 多一个探测维。
    Confused with the risk matrix: the matrix has two axes, RPN adds detection.
    例句 / In a sentence：Screen, never worship. / 是筛选器，不是圣旨。
    Severity / 严重度
    失效后果的严重程度，1–10 分；9–10 涉及人员安全与法规，必须处理。
    How bad the effect is, one to ten; nine and ten involve safety and regulation and must be addressed.
    易混 / Easily confused：易混：S 评的是影响不是概率。「从来没出过事」不影响 S 评分。
    Confused with likelihood: S rates the effect only; a clean history changes nothing.
    例句 / In a sentence：Rate the worst credible. / 按最坏可信评。
    Occurrence / 发生度
    失效原因出现的频率，1–10 分，依据维修与故障记录而非感觉。
    How often the cause occurs, one to ten, based on maintenance and failure records, not feeling.
    易混 / Easily confused：易混：O 评原因不是模式。同一模式可由多个原因触发，各有 O。
    Confused with rating the mode: O rates each cause; one mode can have several.
    例句 / In a sentence：Records over memory. / 看记录不看记忆。
    Detection / 探测度
    失效在造成后果前被发现的难易，1（必然发现）到 10（无法发现）。
    How likely the failure is caught before harm, from one (certain detection) to ten (undetectable).
    易混 / Easily confused：易混：D 越低越好（与 S、O 同为低分好），且必须写明器具与频次。
    Note D is better low like S and O, and must cite instrument and frequency.
    例句 / In a sentence：Name the instrument. / 写明探测器具。
    Poka-yoke / 防错设计
    让错误无法发生或立即暴露的物理设计：防呆接口、单向阀、键槽。
    Physical design that makes error impossible or instantly visible: keyed fittings, check valves, asymmetry.
    易混 / Easily confused：易混：防错与提醒。标签和培训靠人记住，防错让人想错都错不了。
    Confused with reminders: labels rely on memory; poka-yoke removes the option.
    例句 / In a sentence：Cannot fit wrong. / 错的装不上。

    情景自测 | Scenario check

    术语辨析Terminology

    这道题考什么：考防错与提醒的本质区别。
    Tests poka-yoke versus reminder.

    气动接头做成了「插错就插不进去」的非对称接口。这属于？

    A pneumatic fitting is asymmetric so the wrong connection cannot be made. This is?

    自编练习题，不是 BCSP 官方真题，也不能用来预测分数。 / Original practice item, not an official BCSP exam question.

    动手练 | Practice

    1. 给岗位里一个反复出错的动作设计一个 Poka-yoke。
    Design a poka-yoke for one recurring error on your line.

    学习打卡与笔记 | Progress & notes

    已完成 0/4 项 / 0/4 tasks complete

    连续学习 / Learning streak: 0 天 / 0 days

    进度保存在当前浏览器，不会自动跨设备同步。/ Progress is stored in this browser only.

    PNG 学习记录预览；可长按图片保存 / PNG card preview; long-press to save

    可靠来源 | Official references

    BCSP — CSP Examination Blueprint (CSP11)

    BCSP — Official Self-Assessments

    BCSP — Certified Safety Professional (CSP)

    Pearson VUE — CSP 考试预约 / Scheduling

    本课为一般性学习资料，不替代现场专业评估、法规要求或组织程序。/ Educational content only.

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